Do+Gyeoung+G10

  Should we genetically modify humans?   __Genetic engineering__ : modifying the genotype of the unborn individual to control what characteristic its will have when born ( Genetic engineering - Wikipedia, 2008 ).
 * __Introduction__ **

It 's one of the greatest breakthroughs in recent history alongside lots of other discoveries such as, atom and space flight. Nowadays, human genetic engineering is hot issue. Scientists try to improve the technology of genetic engineering so that it can save human’s life. However, it raised lots of controversial arguments because several people say it’s not ethically and religiously correct. Human genetic engineering has advantages as well as disadvantages.  __How would it be done?  __  <span style="color: rgb(143, 144, 234)"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">1)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">C  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span style="color: rgb(143, 144, 234)">loning  <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">
 * It is the process of making an identical copy of existing people. The best-know example is Dolly, a sheep that was cloned using DNA from a sheep that had been dead for six years. Actually, Cloning is really helpful to people. It provides organs for transplantation. For example, cloning of pigs are useful in which they can alleviate the shortage of human organs available for transplantation. It’s because both humans and pigs are mammals. Moreover, cloning of stem cells will help scientist to provide treatments for variety disease. Because stem cells can turn into many other cell types with the right prompting. Then, doctors may be able to replace damaged tissues and organs to restore healthy function. Most importantly, cloning vies parents the opportunity to choose what traits they want their children to have  <span style="color: rgb(225, 20, 20)">(How does clonning allow one to choose?)   <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">. Actually, it helps to control their evolvement so that we can create more scientists, artists and so on. (The advantage of Cloning, 2008)

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <span style="color: rgb(63, 10, 199)"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">2)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">S <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">omatic cell <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span style="color: rgb(63, 10, 199)">manipulation  <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">
 * Somatic cells are all the cells of the body that do not pass DNA on to the next generation. Somatic cell manipulation can be done by putting genes into the cells of existing people and usually this is called as “gene therapy”. Gene therapy is the insertion of genes into an individual’s cells and tissues to treat a illness, and hereditary disease.

Moreover, below, Figure 1 shows that that cloned human DNA can be used for gene therapy by direct intervention tin the individual DNA. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">Figure 1.1 The technique of genetic manipulation or genetic modification of organisms ( <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">RSS Feed for the unit Gene therapy, 2008 <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">). <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <span style="color: rgb(119, 99, 222)"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">3)<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">H  <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"><span style="color: rgb(119, 99, 222)">uman germline manipulation
 * <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">Human beings can be genetically engineered by germline manipulation. It permanently modifies the inheritable characteristics passed from one generation to the next. It can be possible by altering sperm or egg cells or by altering an embryo.(Engineering Humans, 2008)

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">__<span style="color: rgb(191, 241, 187); background-color: rgb(69, 23, 23)">Disadvantages of genetic modifications of humans. __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">There are possibility of losing the diversity of genes if scientists genetically modify human. Human being can live on the Earth relies on the diversity of genes. And, the diversity of genes comes from parents having different sets of genes. So, copying the identical genes could decrease the diversity of genes(Disadvantage of cloning, 2008). Moreover, the quality of human life will also be influenced. For example, the first ever cloned sheep in the world, Dolly, is prone to obesity. And, it can’t be sure that it will be different for human being. To develop ways to genetically modify human properly, lives need to be destroyed during the process of improving techniques. Even though the genetic modification can provide the changes of longer life span, if great number of lives are going to be injured and hurt, that’s terrible. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"><span style="color: rgb(222, 181, 181); background-color: rgb(112, 15, 15)">__<span style="color: rgb(204, 163, 163); background-color: rgb(99, 18, 18)"><span style="color: rgb(206, 166, 166); background-color: rgb(143, 25, 25)"><span style="color: rgb(205, 147, 147); background-color: rgb(84, 13, 13)">Ethical proble  m__ <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif"> From the ethical point of view, some people think that genetic engineering is wrong and they even said that love for children should be unconditional and that parents should accept the qualities that their children naturally acquire, rather than changing their traits through genetic engineering. Moreover, important consideration is to what extent technologies developed in an attempt to engineer the human genetic could subsequently be used not to treat disease but in genetic enhancement(<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">Panel discusses ethics of genetic engineering ,2008). <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">__<span style="color: rgb(233, 170, 219); background-color: rgb(49, 32, 32)">Religious Problem __ <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> Some people said that genetic engineering is play the role of god. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">Bishop of Catholic Albert Moraczewski mentioned that the power that God gives humans is over the fish <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">and all animals, domestic and wild, large and small. (Genesis, chapter1, verse 26). Adam and Eve have all the power, except they cannot eat the fruit of the tree that gives knowledge of what is good and what is bad. If they do so, they will die. So, human cloning is out of the God’s permission. There is no evidence that proves humans have the right to change God’s will <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">(Disadvantage of cloning, 2008) <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'">. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Gulim','sans-serif'"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">__<span style="background-color: rgb(47, 29, 29)"><span style="color: rgb(162, 230, 230)">Work Cited __-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">"Disadvantages of cloning." __Oracle ThinkQuest Library__. 15 Apr. 2008 <[|http://library.thinkquest.org/C0122429/ethics/disadvantages.htm>.] <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">"Engineering Humans." __Online @ SFSU__. 15 Apr. 2008 <[|http://online.sfsu.edu/~rone/GEessays/engineerhumans.html>.] <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">"Genetic engineering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." __Main Page - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia__. 15 Apr. 2008 <[|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering>.] <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">" Panel discusses ethics of genetic engineering <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'"> " __The Stanford Daily Online__. 15 Apr. 2008 <[|http://daily.stanford.edu/article/2007/5/8/panelDiscussesEthicsOfGeneticEngineering>.]

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">"RSS Feed for the unit Gene therapy." __LearningSpace - LearningSpace - OpenLearn - The Open University__. 15 Apr. 2008 [|http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/file.php/2430/formats/SK195_5_rss.xml. <span] style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">-<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'">"The Advantages of Cloning." __Oracle ThinkQuest Library__. 16 Apr. 2008 <http://library.thinkquest.org/C0122429 <span style="color: rgb(225, 20, 20)">Mr. Covington's Comments

-One World issues - very basic. -Very little mention of advantages

Crit A: 4 Crit B: 4

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